Father | James Gazlay (23 January 1758 - 6 August 1823) |
Mother | Huldah Carter (11 February 1767 - 21 September 1844) |
Record Created: 24 November 2009; Last Edited: 3 February 2022 |
Person ID | 467 |
Name | James William Gazlay |
Gender | Male |
Born | 23 July 1784 in New York, New York1, 2, 3, 4, 5 |
Married | 8 December 1811 in Norwich, Chenango County, New York to Martha ‘Patty’ Randall5, 6 |
Married | 13 April 1820 in Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio to Rebecca M. Williams5 |
Died | 8 June 1874 in Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio1, 4 |
Buried | in Spring Grove Cemetery, Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio1 |
James was born in 1874 in New York City, and he moved with his parents to Dutchess County, New York, in 1789. He attended common schools and pursued and academic course. James studied law in Poughkeepsie, New York, was admitted to the bar in 1809, and there he began his practice of law. In 1813, James moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, and continued his law practice.7
Some of his writings on case law include the Report of the Case of Thomas Graham of Cincinnati published in 1821, and the Case of George P. Torrence, Acting as President Judge of the Ninth Circuit of the Court of Common Pleas of the State of Ohio, Considered, as Violative of the Constitution of the State, published in 1822.8
James was elected to the Eighteenth Congress (serving from 4 March 1823 to 3 March 1825) as a Representative from Hamilton County, Ohio, running as a Jackson Republican. In this election, his opponent was Army General (War of 1812), Congressman, Ohio State Senator, and future President William Henry Harrison, who lost, it is said, by only 500 votes. James failed in his bid for reelection in 1824.7
In 1826, James created, edited and published the liberal Western Tiller, a mostly agricultural publication, but also carrying “anti-ecclesiastical articles and poems…The Tiller opened its columns to any citizen who wished to criticize the aristocratic church polity of the Methodists, gloat over schisms in the Baptist church, or assail the hireling priests.” James sold the Tiller to Wm. J. Ferris in 1828.9
James wrote A Treatis on Horses in 1827, reflecting his scholarly interest in horses. In later years, James wrote “some long-winded poetic philosophizings and heavy-handed satires,” as well as other writings, on mostly social topics. These include: Short View of Social Elements and Relations of the United States, 1843; and Sketches of Life and Social Relations: With Other Poems, 1860. Following the civil war, he wrote the Reconstruction of the Southern States, 1865; Political Questions, 1866; Scraps for Laws of New Creation: One God, One Race, One Creed, and One Liberty, 1867; and Imagination, 1868.8, 9, 10
James has been described as, “…in many respects, an acute thinker and a vigorous journalist, and unconventional enough to criticize the mumbo-jumbo of the law. In opposition to his colleagues, who regarded ‘the truths and excellencies of religion and law’ as ‘equally indisputable,’ Gazlay attacked the wording of laws as degenerate and confused and advocated simpler phraseology.”9
A New York Times article, published, 16 December 1870, provides some additional biographical details of James Gazlay, several not found elsewhere:11
Lochy Ostrom’s Estate—Some Errors Corrected by “An Old Citizen” of Cincinnati.
To the Editor of the Cincinnati Commercial:
I notice, under head of special telegram from New-York, in your paper of today, an article in regard to the estate of Rachel Ostrom. It has many errors in it. I propose to correct a few of them.
It is true that James W. Gazlay in the fore part of the present century was engaged to be married to miss Rachel Ostrom, of Poughkeepsie, in the State of New-York. Mr. J. W. Gazlay desired to marry her and move West. The mother of Miss Ostrom would not go West, and Miss Ostrom would not leave her mother. J. W. Gazlay came West and located at Cincinnati, Ohio, and afterward went back to New-York, but could not induce Miss Ostrom to come to the West, and shortly afterward he married Martha Randall, of New-York, who came to this city with him. By that marriage J. W. Gazlay had one child —Hulda, married to Thornton A. Mills, a Presbyterian clergyman of this city.
After the death of Mr. Gazlay’s first wife he married Rebecca, daughter of Elmore Williams, by whom he had three children. One of them died in its infancy. William Elmore Gazlay, another child, died after age in Florida. Allen W. Gazlay, a child, is living and doing well in the western part of the city, and J. W. Gazlay is not dead yet, but is living with his son, and is in remarkably good health and preservation for a man of his age. J. W. Gazlay never was imprisoned for contempt of Court. He said at one time to the Court, then composed of three Judges, of which the father of our worthy Mayor was one of the number, that it was a Demerara team, composed of two mules and a jackass, which remark he made in the heat of an argument, and himself and the Judges were always personal friends, and it had nothing whatever to do with his election to Congress.
In about the year 1822, Wm. Henry Harrison was a candidate for Congress in the Cincinnati District; the mechanics and working men thought that Gen. Harrison was a representative of the Virginia aristocracy, known then as the F.F.V.’s, and desired to run a candidate of their own, and appointed a committee to select a candidate, of which Mr. Bromwell, then a wire-weaver, was the Chairman. Mr. Gazlay consented to run, without any expectation on his part of the part of the Committee that he would be elected. He declined to be a candidate a second time. He and Gen. Harrison were always warm personal and political friends, and in 1840 Mr. Gazlay canvassed two States for the election of Gen. Harrison to the Presidency.
The New York Times carried the following obituary for James W. Gazlay on 13 June 1874:12
An Old Citizen
—————
Obituary.
Ex-Congressman James W. Gazlay.
The Cincinnati Commercial announces the death of James W. Gazlay, who for more than sixty years has been a resident of that city. He was born in this City, July 23, 1784, and in 1823 was elected to the Eighteenth Congress, defeating Gen. Wm. Henry Harrison. But his fate as a popular man in his district was decided by his first important vote. Gen. Lafayette had arrived in the United States early in 1825, the guest of the nation. He was introduced to each House of Congress, and it was in the House of Representatives that the effective speech of reception was made by that eloquent speaker, Henry Clay. A joint committee reported a resolution of honor and remuneration to Lafayette for his distinguished services in the American Revolution. It proposed awarding him $200,000 and a township of land, to be selected from the unsold lands of the Government, under the direction of the President. Mr. Gazley rose and moved to strike out $200,000 and insert $100,000. Although Niles’ Register deemed the voting for the large sum right, it made a point to honor the “firmness” of those who voted in the negative when they failed to make the proposed amendment. Mr. Gazley’s negative vote cost him his seat, which was warmly contested, and Gen. Findlay, a popular man, succeeded by less than twenty-five votes. After his defeat for congress by Gen. Findlay he commenced the publication in Cincinnati of a weekly newspaper, the Western Tiller, the first number of which was on the 1st of August, 1826. He brought some enterprise to its conduct, and often illustrated it with wood engravings. The paper was continued by Wm. J. Ferris, who afterward became connected with the Cincinnati Gazette.
Spouse 1 | Martha ‘Patty’ Randall (daughter of John Randall and Mary Swan) |
Born | 27 August 1790 in Stonington, New London County, Connecticut |
Married | 8 December 1811 in Norwich, Chenango County, New York to James William Gazlay |
Died | 24 December 1817 in Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio |
Children | of James William Gazlay and Martha ‘Patty’ Randall: |
1. | Hulda M. Gazlay |
Born | ca. 1815 in Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio |
Married | 12 September 1837 in Hamilton County, Ohio to Rev. Thornton A. Mills |
Died | 30 June 1845 in Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio |
Spouse 2 | Rebecca M. Williams (daughter of Elmore Williams and Lucy Ann _____) |
Born | ca. July 1804 |
Married | 13 April 1820 in Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio to James William Gazlay |
Died | 15 February 1834 |
Children | of James William Gazlay and Rebecca M. Williams: |
1. | William Elmore Gazlay |
Born | June 1823 |
Died | 11 May 1843 |
2. | James Gazlay |
Born | ca. 1826 in Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio |
Died | 5 October 1828 in Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio |
3. | Allen W. Gazlay |
Born | 14 October 1829 in Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio |
Married | September 1848 to Susan Kizer |
Died | 2 June 1889 in Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio |
4. | Clare Gazlay |
Born | ca. December 1831 |
Died | 11 June 1833 |